Technical data
Ferrofluid Technical Data: Vapor Pressure, TGA and Leak Test Results
Test results previously spread across the PDFs on the Technical Information page, gathered into tables on one page — each with its laboratory, method and what was measured.
What are the measured vapor pressure and heat resistance of MFF-M ferrofluid?
The finished MFF-M4251 ferrofluid has a vapor pressure of 1.51×10⁻¹⁰ Pa at 20℃, 4.20×10⁻¹⁰ Pa at 25℃ and 7.57×10⁻⁵ Pa at 100℃ (KOPTRI Test Report No. 25-09458, OECD TG 104). In KITECH TGA at 10℃/min it loses 1%, 2% and 5% of its weight at 282, 310 and 324℃, and its helium leak rate is below 1×10⁻¹¹ Torr·L/s.
- How much weight does it lose at 300℃?
- Under the same TGA conditions MFF-M4251 loses 1.450% and MFF-M5070 1.560%. Competing PFPE base oils measured under the same conditions lost 21.1–34.6%. Competitor figures are on base oil; MAGRON figures are on the finished ferrofluid.
- How heat-resistant are the inert-gas ferrofluids?
- In KITECH TGA at 10℃/min, the 1% weight-loss temperature is 196℃ for silicone MFS-4005, 199℃ for MFS-6022 and 168℃ for hydrocarbon MFH-5002; the 5% loss temperatures are 251℃, 236℃ and 222℃.
- What vacuum levels do semiconductor processes use?
- Typically sputtering runs at 10⁻⁴–10⁻⁶ Pa, CVD at 10⁻³–10⁻⁶ Pa, etching at 10⁻³–10⁻⁵ Pa, ion implantation at 10⁻⁶ Pa or below, and OLED deposition at 10⁻⁵–10⁻⁷ Pa. Vapor-pressure control matters most for ion implantation and OLED deposition.
MFF-M4251 vapor pressure by temperature (KOPTRI Test Report No. 25-09458, OECD TG 104 effusion method)
| Temperature | Vapor pressure (Pa) | Vapor pressure (Torr) |
|---|---|---|
| 20℃ | 1.51 × 10⁻¹⁰ Pa | 1.13 × 10⁻¹² Torr |
| 25℃ | 4.20 × 10⁻¹⁰ Pa | — |
| 100℃ | 7.57 × 10⁻⁵ Pa | 5.68 × 10⁻⁷ Torr |
| 200℃ | 1.97 Pa | 1.48 × 10⁻² Torr |
Measured on the finished ferrofluid
PFPE ferrofluid vapor pressure comparison
| Product | Measured on | 20℃ | 100℃ |
|---|---|---|---|
| MAGRON MFF-M4251 | Finished ferrofluid | 1.51 × 10⁻¹⁰ Pa | 7.57 × 10⁻⁵ Pa |
| S-company (Japan) F-310 | — | 7 × 10⁻⁸ Pa | No data |
| M-company (Japan) MFF-03 | Base oil only | 2 × 10⁻⁹ Pa | 5 × 10⁻³ Pa |
| L-company (UK) F-9 | Base oil only | 7 × 10⁻⁸ Torr | 1 × 10⁻³ Torr |
Competitor figures come from each company’s published data; M-company and L-company measured base oil only, while MAGRON measured the finished ferrofluid, so the conditions are not identical.
Active-gas PFPE ferrofluid weight-loss temperatures (KITECH TGA, 10℃/min ramp)
| Product | Magnetization / viscosity (27℃) | 1% loss | 2% loss | 5% loss | Weight loss at 300℃ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MAGRON MFF-M4251 | 420 G / 5,100 cP | 282℃ | 310℃ | 324℃ | −1.450 % |
| MAGRON MFF-M5070 | 500 G / 7,000 cP | 280℃ | 305℃ | 323℃ | −1.560 % |
| L-company (UK) F-9 | 450 G / 5,000 cP | 176℃ | 201℃ | 233℃ | −21.856 % |
| M-company (Japan) MFF-03 | 550 G / 6,200 cP | 185℃ | 210℃ | 237℃ | −34.648 % |
| S-company (Japan) F-310 | 400 G / 3,500 cP | 158℃ | 194℃ | 241℃ | −21.148 % |
Measured under the same TGA conditions; competitor figures are on base oil.
Weight loss by temperature (KITECH TGA, 10℃/min)
| Product | 50℃ | 100℃ | 150℃ | 200℃ | 250℃ | 300℃ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MFF-M4251 | −0.010 % | −0.090 % | −0.240 % | −0.400 % | −0.660 % | −1.450 % |
| MFF-M5070 | −0.020 % | −0.400 % | −0.360 % | −0.650 % | −0.880 % | −1.560 % |
Isothermal test, remaining weight (KITECH TGA, 100℃ for 1 h → 150℃ for 1 h)
| Product | After 100℃ × 1 h | After 150℃ × 1 h |
|---|---|---|
| MAGRON MFF-M4251 | 99.84 % | 99.74 % |
| L-company (UK) F-9 | — | 96.53 % |
Inert-gas ferrofluid weight-loss temperatures (KITECH TGA, 10℃/min, Ref. 240321-01)
| Product | Carrier fluid | Magnetization / viscosity (27℃) | 1% loss | 2% loss | 5% loss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MAGRON MFS-4005 | Silicone | 400 G / 500 cP | 196℃ | 220℃ | 251℃ |
| MAGRON MFS-6022 | Silicone | 600 G / 2,200 cP | 199℃ | 214℃ | 236℃ |
| MAGRON MFH-5002 | Hydrocarbon | 500 G / 210 cP | 168℃ | 192℃ | 222℃ |
| M-company (Japan) MFA-06 | Alkyl naphthalene | 580 G / 300 cP | 148℃ | 192℃ | 232℃ |
| L-company (UK) H9LT | Hydrocarbon | 400 G / 300 cP | 184℃ | 216℃ | 248℃ |
MFF-M series specification
| Item | MFF-M4251 | MFF-M5070 |
|---|---|---|
| Carrier fluid | PFPE | PFPE |
| Saturation magnetization | 420 G | 500 G |
| Viscosity (27℃) | 5,100 cP | 7,000 cP |
| Density | 2.198 g/cm³ | 2.240 g/cm³ |
| Pour point | < −40℃ | < −40℃ |
| 1 wt% weight-loss temperature | > 280℃ | > 280℃ |
| Helium leak rate (KITECH) | < 1 × 10⁻¹¹ Torr·ℓ/s | < 1 × 10⁻¹¹ Torr·ℓ/s |
| Gas and dust sealing test | Pass | Pass |
Typical operating vacuum by process
| Process | Operating vacuum | Importance of vapor-pressure control |
|---|---|---|
| Sputtering | 10⁻⁴ – 10⁻⁶ Pa | High |
| CVD | 10⁻³ – 10⁻⁶ Pa | High |
| Etching | 10⁻³ – 10⁻⁵ Pa | Medium |
| Ion implantation | ≤ 10⁻⁶ Pa | Very high |
| OLED deposition | 10⁻⁵ – 10⁻⁷ Pa | Very high |
Typical ranges; they vary with equipment and recipe.
Measurement and conversion method
- Vapor pressure: the isothermal evaporation rate is measured by vacuum TGA and converted with the Langmuir (Hertz–Knudsen) equation P = (dm/dt)·(1/α)·(2πRT/M)^½; values at the use temperature are extrapolated by linearising ln P = A − B/T (Arrhenius).
- Heat resistance: TGA at a 10℃/min ramp records the temperatures at which 1%, 2% and 5% of the weight is lost. Actual operating temperature depends on rotational speed, shaft diameter and running time.
- Reference benchmark: ASTM E595, the outgassing standard used in aerospace and semiconductors, requires TML ≤ 1.0% and CVCM ≤ 0.10% at 125℃ for 24 h.
Source documents (PDF)
Test reports and raw TGA charts can be viewed and downloaded as PDFs on the Technical Information page.
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